2018/19학년도 7학년 학력평가시험문제 R1 (캐나다 비씨주)

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캐나다 비씨주 2018/19학년도 7학년 학력평가시험문제

Foundation Skills Assessment 2018/19 (Province of British Columbia)

 

PART 1: READING

Importance of Observation

 

Nature’s Warning System

 

A massive underwater earthquake in the Indian Ocean caused an extremely large and powerful tsunami. Surprisingly, few animals died.

 

They seemed to sense it was coming. A herd of elephants in Thailand began behaving strangely. They stamped the ground and tugged at their chains until their mighty strength freed them and they could run higher into the hills. At the same time, in the Thai resort of Phuket, a four-year old elephant called Ning Nong was giving a tourist ride to an eight-year-old British girl. Suddenly, a sixth sense made Ning Nong bolt from the beach up to higher ground. “I think Ning Nong knew something was wrong and was trying to get off the beach,” said the girl. Her mother, who in the confusion thought her little girl had drowned, later said, “If she had stayed on the beach, she would never have lived. . .”

 

 

 

 

Elephants in Khao Lak, the hardest-hit area of Thailand, trumpeted in fear three hours before the earthquake struck hundreds of kilometres away. They sounded the alarm again before the deadly wave hit. It is believed that elephants, already one of nature’s most sensitive beasts, have special bones in their feet that enable them to sense vibrations long before humans.

 

Meanwhile, off the coast of Thailand, professional diver Chris Cruz was leading an expedition when scores of dolphins erupted from the water, surrounded his boat, and led him farther out to sea, where he could ride the wave harmlessly rather than be swamped by it. “If we had stayed where we were, we would not have survived,” he said later.

 

 

 

 

But there were more animal-instinct phenomena. Flamingoes abandoned their low-lying breeding areas in Thailand. At the fishing village of San Suk, birds started squawking frantically. Villagers took heed and ran, and all 1000 escaped unharmed.

 

 

 

 

A lighthouse lookout reported seeing a herd of antelope at a wildlife sanctuary in southern India stampeding from the shoreline to nearby hills just moments before the massive waves crashed across the shore. And at Malaysia’s national zoo, animals could feel imminent danger in the air and refused to come out of their pens, choosing to stay sheltered instead.

 

Richard Mackenzie, producer of a TV program “Tsunami: Animal Instincts,” which highlighted the unusual behaviour of animals leading up to the disaster, said, “This kind of behaviour was being reported in news stories at the time. But the more we looked into it, the more we realized it wasn’t just a case of wild anecdotes. Eyewitness accounts by naturalists and scientists consistently showed that animals knew about the tsunami before any humans realized what was coming.”

 

In Sri Lanka, many thousands of people were killed-but, according to staff at the National Wildlife Department, all of the wild elephants and those that give rides to tourists, plus all of the deer, survived. Of 2000 animals in one sanctuary in India, only one, a boar was killed.

 

Richard Mackenzie believes that animals have a built-in “danger radar” when a tsunami is about to hit. “Even seconds in a situation like that could, without question, have meant the difference between life and death.”

 

ANIMALS KNEW

Scientists noted that the animal populations of the regions survived extraordinarily well. “No elephants are dead, not even a dead hare of rabbit,” said a Sri Lankan wildlife expert. “I think animals can sense disaster. They know when things are happening.”  In Indonesia, eight elephants that were part of a tourist ride were credited with saving the lives of dozen visitors the morning of the tsunami. Immediately after the earthquake, say observers, the elephants began shifting nervously and trumpeting-something they do only when frightened. Even though their trainer calmed them, they bolted for higher ground-just moments before the first tsunami wave hit-with their frightened passengers clinging to the baskets on the elephants’ backs. Had they stayed on the regular track, the animals and their riders would have certainly been killed.

 

“Nature’s Warning System: How Animals Survived the 2004 Tsunami.” Susan Blackhall. Survive! How Do People Survive Natural Disasters? pp. 24-27. eds. Caroline Kloss, Monica Schwalbe. © 2008 Pearson Education Canada, Toronto, ontario.

 

1. Explain how noticing animal behaviour could be “Nature’s Warning System” for humans.Use information from the text, and you own ideas, to show your thinking.
2.